过年习俗之大年初七：人日捞鱼生

January 7 of Chinese Lunar Calendar

正月初七

Custom: Lo hei on the day of human

习俗：人日捞鱼生

Today is the 7th day of the 1st month in Lunar Calendar. Today is commonly referred to as 人日( ren ri, the day of human) and it is considered as birthday for everyone.

今天是农历正月初七。这天通常被称为人日，被认为是每个人的生日。

In most part of China, people will have noodles on this day, because noodles symbolise longevity in Chinese culture.

在中国的大部分地区，人们会在这一天吃面条，因为在中国的文化中，面条象征着长寿。

In south part of China and even South East Asia, particularly  Malaysia and Singapore, Chinese people will take yusheng on this day to celebrate everyone's birthday.(鱼生),  also known as lo hei (Cantonese for 捞起, lao qi, or toss up) is a Chinese style raw fish salad.

在中国的南方，甚至是在东南亚地区，特别是马来西亚和新加坡，中国人会在这一天拿鱼生来庆祝每个人的生日。这种中国式的生鱼沙律也被称为lo hei(捞起鱼生)。

It usually consists of strips of raw fish (most commonly salmon), mixed with shredded vegetables and a variety of sauces and  condiments, among other ingredients. Yusheng literally means ,raw fish, but since ,fish (鱼) is commonly conflated with its homophone   “abundance (余)”, yusheng (鱼生) is interpreted as a homophone for yusheng (余升) meaning an increase in abundance. Therefore, yusheng is considered as a symbol of abundance and prosperity.

它通常由生鱼条（多为鲑鱼）拌入蔬菜丁，再加入多种酱汁及作料，与其他配料一并食用。鱼生字面意思就是“生的鱼肉”，但是因为“鱼”和“余”发音相同，鱼生被解释为同音词“余升 ”，寓意为高升有余。因此，鱼生便成了富足、发财的象征。

The yusheng had fish served with white radish, carrots, red pepper, turnips, red pickled ginger, sun-dried oranges, Chinese parsley, chopped peanuts, toasted sesame seeds, Chinese shrimp crackers (or fried dried shrimp), five spice powder and other ingredients, laced with a sauce using plum sauce, rice vinegar, kumquat paste and sesame oil. It is common to say auspicious wishes as each ingredient is added.

鱼生的配料包括萝卜(白色小萝卜)、胡萝卜、红辣椒、芜菁、紫姜泥、橘子干、柠檬叶、芫荽、干辣椒、海蜇皮、花生末、烤芝麻、炸虾米、五香粉等，再加入由酸梅酱、米醋、金丝橘膏及香油调制的酱汁。一般说来，每个加进去的配料都意为吉祥如意。

帮你记单词：

1.longevity [lɔːnˈdʒevəti]  n.长寿;长命;持久

long 长 + ev 年龄；时代；寿命 + ity 名词后缀 → 年龄长 → 长寿

同源词：age，medieval。

We wish you both health and longevity.

我们祝愿您二位健康长寿。 

2.Cantonese [ˌkæntəˈniːz]  n.粤语;广东话;第一语言为粤语的人;广东人  adj.第一语言为粤语的人的;粤语的;广东人(或文化)的

canton + ese 名词后缀,表示人种或语言 → 广东人，广东话

canton [ˈkæntən]  n.(瑞士等国的)行政区，州 vt.为…分配营房;把…划分成州;把…划成行政区;[军]使驻扎;分配营房给（部队等）

The Research of Bank of China Canton Branch ( 1945~ 1949)

中国银行广州分行研究（1945～1949）

His father was an actor in the Cantonese Opera Company.

他的父亲是粤剧团的演员。 

3.raw [rɔː]  adj.生的;未烹制的;未煮的;未经加工的;自然状态的;未经处理的;未经分析的;原始的  n.擦伤处

These fish are often eaten raw.

这些鱼常常生吃。 

4.condiment [ˈkɑːndɪmənt] n.调味料;作料;调味汁(或酱等);酱料

condi〔= cond〕藏 + ment 名词后缀 → 藏起〔坏味道〕→ 调味品

A experimental study on the medical complex condiment.

保健复合调味油的实验研究 

5.conflate [kənˈfleɪt]  v.合并;合成;混合

con强调。flat,吹，膨胀，词源同blow，flatulent。

Unfortunately the public conflated fiction with reality and made her into a saint.

不幸的是，公众把小说和现实混为一谈，把她当成了圣徒。 

6.homophone [ˈhɑːməfoʊn]  n.同音异形词，同音异义词(读音相同，写法或意义不同)

homo 相同的 + phon 声音 + e → 发音相同的字 → 同音字

For decades, homophone problem is one of the important issues for Chinese phonetic and vocabulary.

几十年以来，同音词问题是研究汉语词汇的重要课题之一。 

7.turnip [ˈtɜːrnɪp]  n.蔓菁;芜菁

He was caricatured as a turnip.

在漫画里他被画成了一棵大头菜。 

8.parsley [ˈpɑːrsli]  n.欧芹;荷兰芹

Stir the parsley into the potatoes and serve at room temperature.

把欧芹拌入土豆里，放至常温后再端上桌。

9.kumquat [ˈkʌmkwɑːt]  n.金柑;金橘

来自广东话。比较loquat[ˈloʊkwɑːt]（枇杷）。

Suichuan kumquat is a traditional landscape and eatable fruit, which has high edible and medical value.

遂川金桔是一种传统观赏性兼可食的水果，具有很高的食用和药用价值。

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